A subsidiary and a step-down subsidiary (SDS) are both types of corporate structures, but they differ in their relationships within a corporate hierarchy. Subsidiary A subsidiary is a company that is controlled by another company, known as the parent company or holding company. The parent typically owns more than 50% of the subsidiary’s voting stock, which grants Read more about Subsidiaries vs. Step-Down Subsidiaries: Understanding Corporate Structures.[…]

In the world of finance, understanding the nuances between standalone and consolidated financial results is crucial for investors, analysts, and stakeholders. This article delves into the definitions, key differences, and implications of both types of financial statements, providing a comprehensive overview for better investment decision-making. What are Standalone Financial Results? Standalone financial results refer to Read more about Understanding Standalone vs. Consolidated Financial Results[…]

The grey market premium (GMP) plays a crucial role in the initial public offering (IPO) landscape, serving as an unofficial indicator of how shares might perform once they are listed on stock exchanges. This article explores the concept of grey market premium, its significance, and the factors influencing it. Understanding Grey Market Premium (GMP) Grey Read more about What is Grey Market Premium? A Guide to IPO Market Insights.[…]

In an effort to bolster market integrity and protect investors, the Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI) has introduced the Enhanced Surveillance Measure (ESM) Stage 1. This regulatory framework targets micro and small-cap companies, specifically those with a market capitalization of less than ₹500 crores. Launched on June 5, 2023, ESM Stage 1 aims Read more about Understanding ESM Stage 1: A New Era of Enhanced Surveillance in Indian Markets.[…]

When a company’s security is under the encumbrance of promoter group shareholding exceeding 50%, it signifies that a significant portion of the promoters’ shares is pledged or otherwise restricted. This situation has important implications for investors, corporate governance, and market dynamics. Understanding Encumbrance Encumbrance refers to any claim, lien, or liability that affects the ownership Read more about Security is under Encumbrance of Promoters promoter group shareholding more than 50%. What does this imply?[…]

The Put-Call Ratio (PCR) is a critical financial metric that helps investors gauge market sentiment by comparing the volume of put options to call options. A put option gives the holder the right to sell an asset at a predetermined price, while a call option provides the right to buy. The ratio is calculated by Read more about Mastering the Put-Call Ratio: How to visualize the Put-Call Ratio?[…]

When you’re trying to figure out how well your investments are doing, you might come across terms like CAGR and XIRR. CAGR stands for Compound Annual Growth Rate. It gives you an average yearly growth rate, assuming your investment grows at the same rate every year. This makes it easy to compare how different investments Read more about CAGR vs XIRR: What’s the Difference and Why Does It Matter?[…]